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ffthemediumway [2025/10/25 12:37:25] – gaborffthemediumway [2026/02/28 18:10:56] (current) – [diverse ergaenzungen und configs, noch zu pruefen (w 20260228)] w
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 +===== Installing OpenWRT on the router for the first time =====
 +Go to the [[https://firmware-selector.openwrt.org/|OpenWRT firmware selector]]. Select your device. Download the "factory" firmware and install it to your router as described on the device's OpenWRT wiki page. (e.g. [[https://openwrt.org/toh/ubiquiti/edgerouter_x_er-x_ka]]) 
  
 +
 +
 +===== Generating the funkfeuer firmware image =====
 +
 +  - Go to the [[https://firmware-selector.openwrt.org/|OpenWRT firmware selector]]. 
 +  - Select your device. 
 +  - Click on "Customize installed packages and/or first boot script". 
 +  - Add the following packages to the list 
 +
 +
 +<file>curl mtr iperf3 tcpdump olsrd olsrd-mod-jsoninfo luci-app-olsr ethtool ipip kmod-ipip
 +</file>
 +
 +  - Copy the following script and paste it to "Script to run on first boot (uci-defaults)" on the image builder website 
 +  - Replace xxx in the first line with your location's name 
 +  - (optional) change LAN_IP and LAN_NET 
 +The script contains some default values that make configuration easier. 
 +
 +
 +
 +<file>#openwrt config script for funkfeuer graz
 +#written by gabor
 +export FF_HOSTNAME="xxx.graz.funkfeuer.at"
 +export LAN_IP="192.168.10.1/24"
 +export LAN_NET="192.168.10.0/24"
 +
 +#check if already configured. prevents overwriting settings when upgrading openwrt
 +[ "$(uci -q get system.@system[0].hostname)" = "$FF_HOSTNAME" ] && exit 0
 +
 +#disable olsrd6 (not used in ffgraz)
 +/etc/init.d/olsrd6 stop
 +/etc/init.d/olsrd6 disable
 +
 +# /etc/config/dhcp
 +uci del dhcp.@dnsmasq[0].server
 +uci del dhcp.@dnsmasq[0].address
 +uci del dhcp.@dnsmasq[0].filterwin2k
 +uci del dhcp.@dnsmasq[0].nonegcache
 +uci del dhcp.@dnsmasq[0].nonwildcard
 +uci del dhcp.@dnsmasq[0].filter_aaaa
 +uci del dhcp.@dnsmasq[0].filter_a
 +
 +#set dns resolver to 10.12.0.10
 +uci add_list dhcp.@dnsmasq[0].server='10.12.0.10'
 +
 +#enable reverse dns lookup for 10.12.xxx.xxx addresses
 +uci add_list dhcp.@dnsmasq[0].address='/.12.10.in-addr.arpa/10.12.0.10'
 +uci set dhcp.@dnsmasq[0].boguspriv='0'
 +
 +uci del dhcp.free
 +
 +uci set dhcp.free=dhcp
 +uci set dhcp.free.interface='free'
 +uci set dhcp.free.start='10'
 +uci set dhcp.free.limit='254'
 +uci set dhcp.free.leasetime='1h'
 +uci add_list dhcp.free.dhcp_option='6,10.12.0.10'
 +
 +# /etc/config/firewall
 +while uci -q delete firewall.@zone[0]; do :; done
 +while uci -q delete firewall.@forwarding[0]; do :; done
 +while uci -q delete firewall.@nat[0]; do :; done
 +while uci -q delete firewall.@rule[0]; do :; done
 +uci set firewall.cfg01e63d.synflood_protect='1'
 +uci add firewall zone # =cfg0edc81
 +uci set firewall.@zone[-1].name='ff'
 +uci set firewall.@zone[-1].input='DROP'
 +uci set firewall.@zone[-1].output='ACCEPT'
 +uci set firewall.@zone[-1].forward='ACCEPT'
 +uci add_list firewall.@zone[-1].network='ffeth'
 +uci add_list firewall.@zone[-1].network='ffwifimesh'
 +
 +uci add firewall zone
 +uci set firewall.@zone[-1].name='lan'
 +uci set firewall.@zone[-1].input='ACCEPT'
 +uci set firewall.@zone[-1].output='ACCEPT'
 +uci set firewall.@zone[-1].forward='DROP'
 +uci add_list firewall.@zone[-1].network='lan'
 +
 +uci add firewall rule # =cfg0f92bd
 +uci set firewall.@rule[-1].name='ssh'
 +uci add_list firewall.@rule[-1].proto='tcp'
 +uci set firewall.@rule[-1].src='ff'
 +uci set firewall.@rule[-1].dest_port='22'
 +uci set firewall.@rule[-1].target='ACCEPT'
 +uci set firewall.@rule[-1].name='ssh ff'
 +
 +uci add firewall rule # =cfg1092bd
 +uci set firewall.@rule[-1].name='olsrd'
 +uci add_list firewall.@rule[-1].proto='udp'
 +uci set firewall.@rule[-1].src='ff'
 +uci set firewall.@rule[-1].dest_port='698'
 +uci set firewall.@rule[-1].target='ACCEPT'
 +uci set firewall.@rule[-1].name='olsrd ff'
 +
 +uci add firewall zone # =cfg11dc81
 +uci set firewall.@zone[-1].name='free'
 +uci set firewall.@zone[-1].input='DROP'
 +uci set firewall.@zone[-1].output='ACCEPT'
 +uci set firewall.@zone[-1].forward='DROP'
 +uci add_list firewall.@zone[-1].network='free'
 +
 +uci add firewall forwarding # =cfg13ad58
 +uci set firewall.@forwarding[-1].src='lan'
 +uci set firewall.@forwarding[-1].dest='ff'
 +
 +uci add firewall forwarding # =cfg12ad58
 +uci set firewall.@forwarding[-1].src='free'
 +uci set firewall.@forwarding[-1].dest='ff'
 +
 +uci add firewall nat # =cfg1393c8
 +uci set firewall.@nat[-1].name='nat free wifi to ff'
 +uci add_list firewall.@nat[-1].proto='all'
 +uci set firewall.@nat[-1].src='ff'
 +uci set firewall.@nat[-1].src_ip='10.14.0.0/24'
 +uci set firewall.@nat[-1].target='MASQUERADE'
 +
 +uci add firewall nat # =cfg1393c8
 +uci set firewall.@nat[-1].name='nat lan to ff'
 +uci add_list firewall.@nat[-1].proto='all'
 +uci set firewall.@nat[-1].src='ff'
 +uci set firewall.@nat[-1].src_ip="$LAN_NET"
 +uci set firewall.@nat[-1].target='MASQUERADE'
 +
 +uci add firewall rule # =cfg1492bd
 +uci set firewall.@rule[-1].name='web'
 +uci add_list firewall.@rule[-1].proto='tcp'
 +uci set firewall.@rule[-1].src='ff'
 +uci set firewall.@rule[-1].dest_port='80'
 +uci set firewall.@rule[-1].target='ACCEPT'
 +uci set firewall.@rule[-1].name='web ff'
 +
 +
 +uci add firewall rule # =cfg1592bd
 +uci set firewall.@rule[-1].name='ssh free'
 +uci add_list firewall.@rule[-1].proto='tcp'
 +uci set firewall.@rule[-1].src='free'
 +uci set firewall.@rule[-1].dest_port='22'
 +uci set firewall.@rule[-1].target='ACCEPT'
 +
 +
 +uci add firewall rule # =cfg1692bd
 +uci set firewall.@rule[-1].name='icmp ff'
 +uci add_list firewall.@rule[-1].proto='icmp'
 +uci set firewall.@rule[-1].src='ff'
 +uci set firewall.@rule[-1].target='ACCEPT'
 +
 +uci add firewall rule # =cfg1792bd
 +uci set firewall.@rule[-1].name='icmp free'
 +uci add_list firewall.@rule[-1].proto='icmp'
 +uci set firewall.@rule[-1].src='free'
 +uci set firewall.@rule[-1].target='ACCEPT'
 +
 +uci add firewall rule # =cfg0c92bd
 +uci set firewall.@rule[-1].name='dhcp free'
 +uci add_list firewall.@rule[-1].proto='udp'
 +uci set firewall.@rule[-1].src='free'
 +uci set firewall.@rule[-1].src_port='68'
 +uci set firewall.@rule[-1].dest_port='67'
 +uci set firewall.@rule[-1].target='ACCEPT'
 +
 +# /etc/config/network
 +uci del network.wan
 +uci del network.wan6
 +
 +uci del network.lan.netmask
 +uci del network.lan.ipaddr
 +uci add_list network.lan.ipaddr="$LAN_IP"
 +
 +uci del network.globals.ula_prefix
 +uci set network.globals.packet_steering='1'
 +
 +uci add network device # =cfg080f15
 +uci set network.@device[-1].type='bridge'
 +uci set network.@device[-1].name='br-free'
 +uci set network.@device[-1].bridge_empty='1'
 +
 +uci del network.free
 +uci set network.free=interface
 +uci set network.free.device='br-free'
 +uci set network.free.proto='static'
 +uci add_list network.free.ipaddr='10.14.0.1/24'
 +
 +# /etc/config/wireless
 +i=0
 +while uci -q get "wireless.radio$i"
 +do
 + uci set wireless.wifinetfree$i=wifi-iface
 + uci set wireless.wifinetfree$i.device=radio$i
 + uci set wireless.wifinetfree$i.mode='ap'
 + uci set wireless.wifinetfree$i.ssid='Free WiFi - graz.funkfeuer.at'
 + uci set wireless.wifinetfree$i.encryption='none'
 + uci set wireless.wifinetfree$i.network='free'
 + uci set wireless.wifinetfree$i.disabled='1'
 + i=$(( $i + 1 ))
 +done
 +
 +# /etc/config/system
 +uci del system.ntp.enabled
 +uci del system.ntp.enable_server
 +uci set system.cfg01e48a.hostname=$FF_HOSTNAME
 +uci set system.cfg01e48a.zonename='Europe/Vienna'
 +uci set system.cfg01e48a.timezone='CET-1CEST,M3.5.0,M10.5.0/3'
 +uci set system.cfg01e48a.log_proto='udp'
 +uci set system.cfg01e48a.conloglevel='8'
 +uci set system.cfg01e48a.cronloglevel='5'
 +# /etc/config/wireless
 +
 +while uci -q delete olsrd.@Interface[0]; do :; done
 +
 +uci set olsrd.@LoadPlugin[-1].ignore='0'
 +uci set olsrd.@LoadPlugin[-1].library='olsrd_jsoninfo'
 +
 +while uci -q delete olsrd.@InterfaceDefaults[0]; do :; done
 +uci add olsrd InterfaceDefaults
 +uci set olsrd.@InterfaceDefaults[-1].Mode='ether'
 +uci set olsrd.@InterfaceDefaults[-1].Ip4Broadcast='255.255.255.255'
 +
 +</file>
 + 
 +
 +
 +  - Click on "Request Build" and wait for the build to complete. 
 +  - Download the newly built custom sysupgrade image 
 +  - Log in to your router using the web interface ([[http://192.168.1.1|http://192.168.1.1]]) 
 +  - Go to "System->Backup/Flash Firmware" 
 +  - Click on "Flash image" and select your newly downloaded sysupgrade image. 
 +  - Untick the box "Keep settings and retain the current configuration" 
 +  - Click "Continue" 
 +
 +
 +===== Accessing the router =====
 +After the installation has completed the router should be reachable by connecting to it LAN port using the configured LAN_IP (192.168.10.1 as default). 
 +
 +
 +
 +===== TODO: add interfaces for olsrd, setup olsrd, setup wifi, setup free wifi =====
 +
 +==== diverse ergaenzungen und configs, noch zu pruefen (w 20260228) ====
 +
 +  * ''%%vim /etc/crontabs/root%%'' <code>
 +*/5 * * * * killall -HUP dnsmasq # keine ahnung warum - zu pruefen
 +*/5 * * * * /usr/sbin/ff_olsr_watchdog # keine ahnung warum - zu pruefen
 +###
 +#05 3 * * 6 /sbin/reboot # zur sicherheit einmal in der woche reboot oder
 +05 3 * * * /bin/sleep 65m ; /sbin/reboot # reboot zur sicherheit einmal am tag; der sleep fuer den fall das die rtc-batterie leer und timeserver nicht sofort erreichbar ist
 +#10 * * * * /usr/bin/iwinfo radio0 scan # initialisiert das wlan, bei schlechten verbindungen - zu pruefen
 +###
 +</code>
 +  * ''%%vim /etc/config/wireless%%'' 
 +    * 2,4ghz<code>
 +### info: achtung, bei aenderungen uebers webinterface werden die kommentare geloescht!
 +
 +config wifi-device 'radio0'
 + option type 'mac80211'
 + ### nicht mehr unterstuetzt?
 + #option hwmode '11g'
 + ### nicht mehr unterstuetzt?
 + #option path 'platform/ar934x_wmac'
 + option path 'platform/ahb/18100000.wmac'
 + ### neue option - ab welcher openwrt-version gueltig?
 + option band '2g'
 + option country 'AT' 
 + option htmode 'HT20'
 + ### frag:
 + ### Set Fragmentation Threshold value between 800 . 1500
 + ### Available Settings: range from 256 to 2346 (?) 2346 recomended
 + option frag '512'
 + ### rts:
 + ### set RTS Threshold value between 1800 . 2300                   
 + ### Available Settings: range from 0 to 2347, Default + Recommended Setting: 2347
 + option rts '250'
 + ### txpower: 20 max!, aber so niedrig wie moeglich
 + option txpower '3'
 + ### distace: tatsaechliche entfernung in meter
 + option distance '1000' 
 + #option channel '1'
 + #option channel '3'
 + #option channel '5'
 + #option channel '7'
 + #option channel '9'
 + #option channel '11'
 + option channel '13'
 + ### zum testen 20170521
 + #option disabled '1'
 +
 +config wifi-iface 'default_radio0'
 + option device 'radio0'
 + option network 'wlan'
 + option encryption 'none'
 + option mode 'adhoc'
 + #option ssid 'http://graz.funkfeuer.at/v1'
 + #option bssid 'CA:00:24:00:C0:01'
 + #option ssid 'http://graz.funkfeuer.at/v3'
 + #option bssid 'CA:00:24:00:C0:03'
 + #option ssid 'http://graz.funkfeuer.at/v5'
 + #option bssid 'CA:00:24:00:C0:05'
 + #option ssid 'http://graz.funkfeuer.at/v7'
 + #option bssid 'CA:00:24:00:C0:07'
 + #option ssid 'http://graz.funkfeuer.at/v9'
 + #option bssid 'CA:00:24:00:C0:09'
 + #option ssid 'http://graz.funkfeuer.at/v11'
 + #option bssid 'CA:00:24:00:C0:11'
 + option ssid 'http://graz.funkfeuer.at/v13'
 + option bssid 'CA:00:24:00:C0:13'
 +</code>
 +    * 5,6ghz<code>
 +### info: achtung, bei aenderungen uebers webinterface werden die kommentare geloescht!
 +
 +config wifi-device 'radio0'
 + option type 'mac80211'
 + option hwmode '11a'
 + option path 'platform/ar934x_wmac'
 + option country 'AT' 
 + option htmode 'HT20'
 + ### frag:
 + ### Set Fragmentation Threshold value between 800 . 1500
 + ### Available Settings: range from 256 to 2346 (?) 2346 recomended
 + ### frag: fuer 5,6ghz bei grosser entfernung / schlechten empfang -> 800
 + option frag '800'
 + ### rts:
 + ### set RTS Threshold value between 1800 . 2300                   
 + ### Available Settings: range from 0 to 2347, Default + Recommended Setting: 2347
 + ### rts: fuer 5,6ghz bei grosser entfernung / schlechten empfang -> 2300
 + option rts '2300'
 + ### txpower: 20 max!
 + ### keine txpower bei 5,6 - zu pruefen
 + #option txpower '3'
 + ### distace: tatsaechliche entfernung in meter
 + option distance '1000' 
 + #option channel '36'
 + #option channel '40'
 + #option channel '44'
 + #option channel '48'
 + #option channel '100'
 + #option channel '104'
 + #option channel '108'
 + #option channel '112'
 + #option channel '116'
 + #option channel '120'
 + #option channel '124'
 + #option channel '128'
 + #option channel '136'
 + option channel '140'
 + ### keine ahnung warum, ist aber gut ;)
 + option beacon_int '5000'
 + ### zum testen 20170521
 + #option disabled '1'
 +
 +config wifi-iface
 + option device 'radio0'
 + option network 'wlan'
 + ### haben wir einen accesspoint 'ap' oder eine 'station'?
 + #option mode 'ap'                                                     
 + option mode 'sta'
 + option encryption 'none'
 + ### bitte nodebezeichnung ergaenzen: aktueller standort xxx1, gegenseite xxx2
 + option ssid 'xxx1-xxx2.ffgraz.net'
 + #option ssid 'OpenWrt'
 + ### https://forum.openwrt.org/viewtopic.php?id=43188                             
 + option disassoc_low_ack '0'
 +</code>
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